What is the link between vitamin D and tuberculosis?

Abstract

Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Vitamin D directly influences the body’s immunological response to tuberculosis by modulating the production of certain antimicrobial peptides and the release of cytokines. Vitamin D deficiency has been extensively described in patients with tuberculosis. Currently, it is a recognised risk factor for tuberculosis. Genetic polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor may influence host susceptibility to tuberculosis and response to antituberculosis therapy. This review article explores the close association between tuberculosis and vitamin D, with the aim of forming a strong basis for further interventional and genetic studies on patients with active tuberculosis.